Do I need to include a retrieval date for websites?

Only if the content is designed to change over time (e.g., a wiki page, a social media profile, a dashboard). For stable web pages, no retrieval date is needed.

How do I cite a page with no author?

Use the title of the page in the author position. In the in-text citation, use a shortened version of the title in italics.

Should I include the URL for paywalled content?

Yes. Include the URL even if readers may not be able to access it without a subscription. Use the homepage URL if the full URL requires login.

How to Cite a Website in APA 7th Edition

General Format

APA 7 format for a web page or website: Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). *Title of page*. Website Name. URL If the author and the website name are the same, omit the website name: Organization Name. (Year, Month Day). *Title of page*. URL If there is no date: Author, A. A. (n.d.). *Title of page*. Website Name. URL

Worked Example

Individual author: Price, D. (2018, March 23). *Laziness does not exist*. Medium. https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-not-exist-3af27e312d01 Organizational author: World Health Organization. (2020, June 9). *Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public*. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-the-public No date: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. (n.d.). *The David H. Koch Hall of Fossils*. https://naturalhistory.si.edu/exhibits/david-h-koch-hall-fossils-deep-time

Common Mistakes

1. **Including "Retrieved from" before URLs** -- APA 7 no longer uses "Retrieved from" unless you need to include a retrieval date for content that changes over time. 2. **Citing the entire website instead of a specific page** -- Only cite specific pages. Mention entire websites by name in the text (e.g., "On the WHO website...") without a reference list entry. 3. **Omitting the date** -- Use (n.d.) if no date is available, not "no date" or leaving the date blank.